Belajar: Wh Questions




Wh Questions


Wh-questions adalah kalimat tanya yang menggunakan kata tanya yang mengandung huruf “Wh”. Katatanya yang dimaksud adalah What, Why, Which, Where, When, Who, dan Whose—juga disertakan kata tanya How. Dengan tambahan How, barangkali istilah Wh-questions itu kurang tepat; yang lebih tepat adalah Question-word questions (kalimat tanya yang menggunakan katatanya).

Jika Anda telah mengambil Structure-I tentu Anda telah mengenal bentuk Yes/No Questions, bukan?


Pola pembentukan Wh-questions tidak jauh dari itu. Mari kita lihat contoh berikut:

1. I went to Rani’s house last night
2. Did you go to Rani’s house last night?
3. Where did you go last night?

Kita sudah tahu bahwa ketika membantuk kalimat tanya, kita memerlukan katakerja bantu. Karena contoh di atas berbentuk The Simple Past, maka katakerja bantu yang digunakan adalah “did”. Karena katakerja bantu sudah dalam bentuk past tense, maka katakerja utamanya kembali ke bentuk present (went menjadi did – go).

Jika contoh kalimat 1 kita jadikan dasar untuk membuat pertanyaan, maka bentuk “yes/no question”-nya adalah contoh kalimat 2, dan bentuk “Wh question” adalah contoh kalimat 3.

Kenapa kata-kata “Rani’s house” hilang dalam bentuk Wh question? Karena itu adalah jawaban dari pertanyaan itu.

Pola struktur “Wh questions” ini dapat digambarkan seperti ini.
A B C
A
B
C
D
E

Where
did
you
go
Last night
kkkk?
D E

Anda bida menggantikan kolom A dengan question words lainnya.

Perhatikan contoh-contoh lain berikut ini. (Bagaimana Anda menempatkan contoh-contoh ini pada kolom-kolom di atas?)


4. What do you do on Sunday morning?
5. Where did you buy that thing?
6. Why did they come here?
7. What have they done?
8. When will you visit her?
9. Whose pen is this?
10. How do you do that?

Sekarang mari kita lihat setiap katatanya itu digunakan untuk menanyakan apa.



What

What digunakan untuk menanyakan benda, seperti pada contoh ini.

11. What are you looking for?

What juga bisa digunakan untuk menanyakan suatu kegiatan, seperti contoh berikut:

12. What did you do last night?

What kind of digunakan untuk menanyakan suatu yang spesifik dari suatu benda, seperti contoh berikut.

13. What kind of car do you like best?

Pola What (be) (someone/something) like digunakan untuk menanyakan gambaran atau deskripsi sesuatu atau seseorang, seperti contoh berikut.

14. What is the weather like in Canada?

15. What is your sister like?

kata like pada kedua kalimat ini bukan katakerja, tetapi preposition. Itu sebabnya bentuk pertanyaannya “What is” dan bukan “What do”

Untuk memudahkan, kita bisa membuat struktur seperti ini.
A

A
B
C
D
E

What
is
the weather
like
in Canada
?



Anda bisa mengganti kata di kolom E dengan nama-nama tempat yang ingin Anda tanyakan.

Sedikit berbeda dengan di atas (tetapi mirip), di bawah ini adalah bagaimana menanyakan diskripsi seseorang.

16. What does your husband look like?


Pola strukturnya dapat kita buat seperti ini.
A B C
A
B
C
D

What
does
your husband
look like
?
A B C D

Anda bisa mengganti kolom C dengan orang lain yang ingin Anda tanyakan.

“What for” digunakan untuk menanyakan alasan apa yang mendasari sesuatu itu. Pelajari contoh ini.

17. What is this knife for?
18. What do you need eggs for?

“What time” digunakan untuk menanyakan waktu (jam berapa?)

19. What time do you usually get up?
20. What time did you arrive home?


Why

“Why” digunakan untuk menanyakan alasan. Pelajari contoh berikut.

21. Why did you buy the book? Because I needed it very much.


Which

“Which” digunakan pada situasi di mana ada banyak pilihan dan si penanya ingin pilihan yang dipilih yang ditanya. Misalnya, di suatu tempat ada beberapa orang, di mana salah satunya adalah saudara dari orang yang kita tanya. Kita bertanya:

22. Which one is your sister?

Where

“Where” digunakan untuk menanyakan tempat atau tujuan. Pelajari contoh berikut:

23. Where did you find my pen? Under the book.

When

“When” digunakan untuk menanyakan waktu. Pelajari contoh berikut.

24. When did she come? Last week

Who

“Who” digunakan untuk menanyakan orang. Pelajari contoh berikut.


25. Who is the manager in this office? Tom is the manager in this office

“Whose” digunakan untuk menanyakan kepemilikan (punya siapa?). Pelajari contoh berikut.

26. Whose watch is it? It is my watch.

“Whom” digunakan untuk menanyakan orang dalam posisi sebagai object di dalam kalimat. Pelajari

contoh berikut

27. Aji is talking to Ami.
Whom is Aji talking to?

How

“How” digunakan untuk menanyakan keadaan seseorang. Perhatikan contoh berikut.

28. How are you? I am fine.

Tapi “how” juga bisa menanyakan berbagai hal jika diadukan dengan adjectives atau adverbs. Pelajari contoh berikut:

29. How old are you?

30. How tall is your son?

31. How big is her house?

32. How deep is the river?


33. How well do you drive?

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